things i learned

Good Tokens 2025-12-05

2025-12-05

Worth your time

Over regulation is hamstringing deep tech innovation. Real specific complaints, not just someone ranting about red tape.

Noah Smith on housing: “The true homeownership rate for Millennials at age 30 is less than 35%; for Gen X it was around 45%, and for Boomers it was almost 50%.” Also Noah on drones and the future of war. Perhaps I need a Noah Smith Corner.

How to get someone to leave a cult. Reminds me of Dr. David Burns’ work on relationships and communication.

There’s less pushback on the building of new housing when it’s beautiful. I definitely see this in Roswell where there is intense, almost blind opposition to building apartments but strong support for mixed use development from the people that are opposing the building of apartments. This paper helps me understand those people better and more graciously.

A long read on what it would take to revitalize the American industrial base.

How penicillin was discovered. It’s more complicated than the story that you’ve heard and yet still somehow increased my belief in the value of unguided experiments (play).

The Psychology of Clickbait

Things I learned

Extinction rates seem to be slowing across plant and animal groups — University of Arizona

New York, LA, Chicago, and Boston have all seen a more than 30% decline in the number of children under 5 living there in the past 20 years — Bobby Fijan

33% of Oregon public school students are chronically absent (missing more than 17 days in a school year) — Oregon Live. What are we doing here people?

Girls are now less likely than boys to say that they want to get married; the percentage of girls who say they want to get married has fallen from 83% to 61% since 1993 — American Storylines. Tons of other interesting information in here about the perceptions and realities of marriage. Also this anecdata:

To start off our conversation, I asked participants to raise their hands if their parents had ever talked with them about the importance of getting a good education and pursuing a rewarding career. Every single hand shot up. The response was identical in both the male and female groups. I then asked whether their families had stressed the importance of finding a partner or starting a family. No one raised their hand.

LLM Corner

Nano Banana can make beautiful charts. I can’t wait to have an excuse to use this.

Lessons on designing AI agents

Meta: How I track things I learned

2025-12-04

In response to my 2025 Things I learned post, my friend Mark tells me “You should do a meta post on how you come up with this list.”

Frequent readers of this blog probably know the answer to this already, but I’ll spell it out in more detail here. I’ve been very influenced by my friend / mentor Alex Komoroske who has an essential google doc called Bits & Bobs.

I more or less have copied what he does but adapted it for who I am and what I’m interested in.

Thought the week each week I keep a running note in Bear called Good Tokens YYYY-MM-DD.

I throw things in here throughout my day: links I like, observations, ideas baked and unbaked.

On Thursdays or Fridays, I go through and I process through that list. About 75% of it ends up as my weekly Good Tokens post and the rest of it gets sorted somewhere else or thrown out and then I post it to my blog here.

Whenever I post something, I have OpenAI tag it for me. Then starting about November 1st, I start going back through and looking at the posts tagged things I learned.

I dump all of these into a doc in chronological order and then start cleaning up the formatting and reading through them. As I do that, I start to see themes and then group and regroup them until I’ve got the post. I am to put it out more or less on December 1st.

Perhaps a better question would be why I do this. One answer is that I enjoy it. Another is that I really do find that it builds a habit for me of looking out into the world and considering it. A third is that it has helped me crystalize what I’m uniquely interested in and where I want to spend my time — which is a funny thing to say considering how weird and wide ranging these posts are, but the act of reflecting on it on a weekly basis does help me see patterns. A final reason is that I do think that the creative act is contagious. Like running, the hardest step is the first one and so having a habit of creation keeps me in the flow.

Things I learned in 2025

2025-12-01

I borrowed this concept from Tom Whitwell as a way of cultivating a habit of curiosity.

My 2025 highlights: It was a year of exploration. I left Macro Oceans. I “interned” at Roo Code and got an early peek at how AI is changing software development. I had so many coffee chats. I launched a podcast about building with AI, built a an agent orchestration prototype and spent a lot of time hacking on HeyRecap. I started working with Istari Digital using AI to build aerospace / high performance hardware systems.

Here are 52 things I learned along the way:

  1. The U.S. Mint estimates that there are 300 billion pennies in circulation, about 3 times more than the number stars in the Milky Way Galaxy — The Atlantic
  2. Coca Cola didn’t became cocaine free until 1929 — the Associated Press via Stan Veuger. No wonder the market crashed!
  3. There are more people under the age of 25 today in Africa than there are in all of Europe — Stephen Kotkin
  4. The Centers For Disease Control estimates that a baby born in the United States is 10 times more likely to be killed during its first day than at any other time in life — Pacific Standard. Bonus: about 1 in 2,500 women are in denial about their pregnancy until birth.
  5. Shows like MTV’s 16 and pregnant led to a 5.7 percent decrease in teen births, 1/3 of the decline in teen births during the period — Liam Delaney
  6. International adoptions in the US are down 94% since the peak in 2004 — Pew
  7. Japan now produces more diapers for incontinent adults than for infants — London Review of Books
  8. There are more senior citizens than children in 11 states and half of the counties in the US — US Census
  9. The under 20 population in the United States is 20% smaller than it was in 1990 — Aaron Becker via Cremiux
  10. For the first time in 35 years, there are no rap songs are in the top 40 — Rolling Stone
  11. “In 2022, adults spent an additional 99 minutes at home on any given day compared with 2003.” —Derek Thompson via Bucco Capital
  12. Monarch butterflies produce a super generation that live 8 times as long as the other generations and allow them to complete their migratory cycle — Country Living. Could you imagine if once every four generations, you had a set of humans that lived more than 500 years??
  13. Brand Mascots can measurably influence the eating behavior of children — Obesity Review
  14. The more males and females of a bird species look alike (e.g. cranes), the more likely they are to mate for life.  The more males and females of a bird species look dissimilar (e.g. mallards), the more likely they are to be promiscuous — my friend Oriana
  15. Male snakes have two penises — Nautilus 
  16. A group of kangaroos is called a mob. A group of jaguars is a shadow — Brevard Zoo via ChatGPT
  17. Costco’s Kirkland Brand drives more revenue than all of Procter and Gamble combined — Eric Ries
  18. Silicon Valley companies will cross reference each other’s patents more when their employees frequent the same coffee shops — National Bureau of Economic Research. See also Austin’s 3 types of luck.
  19. Non-linear ethnic niches: 90% of grocery stores in Detroit are owned by Chaldeans; 95% of Dunkin Donuts stores in the Midwest are owned by Indians; 90% of the liquor stores in Baltimore are owned by Koreans; 60% of Dunkin’ Donuts stores in New England and New York are operated by Portuguese immigrants — Aporia Magazine. I guess you file this under the importance of networks, tacit knowledge, and the availability bias?
  20. The only right protected in the main body of the US Constitution is the right to intellectual property — ChinaTalk. Bonus: The first patent examiner for the United States was Thomas Jefferson.
  21. Peacock is the name of the males only; the female are peahens. The species is called peafowl— The Animal Book
  22. A single mushroom can live for thousands of years — Scientific American via The Long Now. Bonus: They are among the oldest life forms on earth, predating plants by more than 300 million years.
  23. Humans are unique among mammals for not creating their own vitamin C — Survival of the Sickest via my friend Chris
  24. China installed more industrial robots last year than the rest of the world combined — Gizmodo
  25. German chocolate cake was invented in United States — the Kroger App
  26. Marie Antoinette never said “Let them eat cake” — The Rest is History
  27. Life expectancy for dogs has been growing faster than life expectancy for humans — Frontiers of Veterinary Science via my wonderful friend Uri
  28. We call them piggy banks because of the type of clay (pygg) that was used to make jars for holding coins. Shaping them like pigs was a visual pun (probably) — BBC
  29. Badgers air out their beds to keep them clean — Secrets of the Forest
  30. The Pangolin is the only mammal with scales — The Animal Book
  31. The air that the dinosaurs breathed had substantially more oxygen in it than the air we breathe. Jurassic Park couldn’t happen because the dinosaurs would asphyxiate — John Cramer
  32. Saturn’s rings are younger than the dinosaurs —  Rohit
  33. Squirrels in Berkeley and Oakland are becoming carnivorous — Smithsonian Magazine
  34. In Switzerland, you are never more than 16km from a lake — About Switzerland
  35. The English Monarchy asserted a claim to the French Monarchy until 1801, only releasing it after Napoleon had become dictator — The Rest Is History. Some would say it’s been all downhill for France since then 🤣.
  36. 12.3M hectares of US cropland was abandoned between 1986 and 2018 — Environmental Research Letters. Note that this figure does not include cropland taken out of use via urbanization or development.
  37. More than 98% of new vehicle sales in Norway this September were EVs — Elective via Anton
  38. Chicken tikka masala originated in Scotland; kilts did not — Sukhi’s and Wikipedia via  Jason Crawford
  39. Home field advantage in the NFL is real. We know this because it disappeared in 2020 when there were no fans in the stadiums — The Ringer via Crémieux
  40. 79% of American adults report making at least one drunk purchase in the past year; the average amount of drunk spending was $444 per year — The Hustle
  41. The value of returned purchases in the United States would make it the 16th largest economy in the world — Rohit
  42. D.A.R.E. anti-drug interventions in schools seem to have have increased drug use among suburban students — Drug Library via Atoms vs. Bits
  43. Holding back students in the 3rd grade improves long term performance for the students who were held back — The 74 million
  44. Half of recorded history came before the Old Testament was written down — The Literature and History Podcast
  45. More Romans were killed at Cannae than Americans in the entire Vietnam War — The Rest is History
  46. The distance elasticity of trade (the rate at which trade between two cities drops off as they get farther away from each other) seems to be the same today as it was in ancient Assyria — Maximum Progress
  47. The oldest bond in the world dates from December 10, 1624; pays €13.61 of interest a year — the Financial Times via The Browser
  48. Pine needle tea has more vitamin C in it than orange juice — Nautilus
  49. All of the world’s gold is estimated to fit in one 20 meter cube — BBC
  50. Eyes have evolved more than 50 times — Salon via Rohit
  51. The largest newspaper in California by subscribers is the New York Times —Ezra Klein
  52. Walmart takes 25% of all SNAP dollars — Kyla Scanlon

Previous lists: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020

If you enjoy this list, you can sign up to get email updates when I post here.

Most of my professional energy right now is spent on how AI changes creative work and the electric tech stack. If either of these is of interest to you or if you just think we’d have a good conversation, drop me a note (hello @ jdilla.xyz) or put time on my calendar).

Have a wonderful holiday season and stay curious!

Good Tokens 2025-11-21

2025-11-21

Worth your time

The GLP-1 rollout continues.

The number of Americans taking GLP-1 drugs continues to grow substantially. There’s no official tally, but Circana believes that 23% of US households — about 30 million — had at least one GLP-1 user in September, suggesting there are tens of millions of users. By 2030, five years from now, it expects GLP-1 households to purchase 35% of food sold in the US (measured by units), up from 24% today.

Elephants not unicorns.

ChinaTalk on acquisition reform.

Children need independent peer cultures. The Montessori-pilled in the audience will not be surprised.

Filed under “age as the next generational battle ground”.

Ground robots in Ukraine.

Thoughts on the future of autonomous vehicles.

Blake Scholl’s conversation with Tyler.

Things I learned

Japan now produces more nappies for incontinent adults than for infants. Also, the top ten states for fertility are all red states; the bottom ten are all blue states (Vermont is last, chased by Oregon — London Review of Books.

The US mint estimates that there are 300 billion pennies in circulation, more than 3x as many stars as there are in the Milky Way — Pennies Are Trash Now

60% of SF Unified School District 8th graders are not proficient in math.

Musings

I can’t remember where I saw this, but it resonated: “You’re not avoiding failure, you’re avoiding the feeling of failure”

LLM corner

Gemini File Search API. I’ll be trying this one out.

AI will not make you rich.

Thoughts about code sandboxes.

Good Tokens 2025-11-14

2025-11-14

Worth your time

The Palace of Catalan Music

The Goon Squad:

Many respondents have been regular porn viewers since the fourth grade; few were older than twelve when they picked up the habit. This seems like an unsustainable equilibrium.

The K shaped economy. Think old vs. young rather than rich vs. poor.

Alaska experiments with voting by phone.

Things I learned

There’s been a 20% reduction in the under 20 population between 1990 and 2024.

The largest newspaper in California by subscribers is the New York Times. Ezra Klein.

Walmart takes 25% of all SNAP dollars.

LLM corner

This seems so insane I have to try it. And the link to the GitHub.

Not all tokens are created equal.

90 Days at Complex

Musings

Chuck Klosterman: “All art ends when it reaches self awareness”